Valentini's Theorem
The critical problem is the Born probability formula that the probability density is the modulus squared of the wave function, or, in density matrix theory, the expectation of the relevant projection operator. One way to understand the squared modulus is that it is the modulation of a retarded quantum wave propagating from past preparation to future detection by its time-reversed image which is the advanced "complex-conjugate" wave propagating from the future detection back to the initial preparation. Costa-de Beauregard has shown, many years ago, how to explain quantum nonlocality in this way. Aharonov's "two-state" theory is an extension in which an intermediate "present" measurement between the past "pre-selected" and future "post-selected" events is made. These ideas also relate to the Hoyle-Narlikar theory of the future "influence functional" in cosmology and the idea that the standard solution of general relativity for the Big Bang does not obey the final boundary condition of complete absorption of radiation needed to get retarded causality in the Wheeler-Feynman electrodynamics. Ref. Reviews of Modern Physics, January 1995.
signal locality (i.e., the absence of practical instantaneous signalling) and the uncertainty principle are valid if and only if the probability density equals squared modulus of the wavefunction. .... Signal-locality and uncertainty therefore emerge merely as properties of equilibrium from an underlying nonlocal and determinisitc theory.... for only in this special equilibrium does the uncertainty principle "noise" exactly mask the quantum nonlocality, so as to prevent instantaneous signalling ... this delicate balance between nonlocality and uncertainty .... gives a natural explanation for the uneasy 'peaceful coexistence" or "conspiracy", between relativity and quantum theory...
Brian Josephson's idea, I think, is that all living systems being dissipative and far from equilibrium disturb the equilibrium of the sub-quantal level.
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